Preliminary rule-of-thumb span sizing

m
Distance between supports, in meters.

Rules of thumb used

Element Depth
Timber floor joist L / 15
Timber beam / girder L / 12
Steel beam (IPE) L / 20
Reinforced concrete beam L / 12
RC flat slab L / 28

Suggested preliminary size

Suggested depth
Suggested width
Slab thickness applies to a 1 m strip — no width to size.

Depths are rounded up to common increments; widths are indicative proportions.


About Beam Span Estimator

The beam span estimator gives a preliminary size for a structural element from its clear span, using the span-to-depth ratios engineers rely on for early design. Pick the element type — timber floor joist, timber beam or girder, steel IPE beam, reinforced concrete beam, or RC flat slab — and enter the distance between supports.

Each element type has its own rule of thumb: floor structures need proportionally more depth than heavily loaded girders, and concrete behaves differently from steel or timber. The tool applies the matching ratio, rounds the depth up to a common commercial increment, and suggests an indicative width alongside a cross-section sketch.

This is scheme-design sizing — the kind of number an architect pencils in before the engineer runs the real calculation. It is useful for checking whether a floor build-up is plausible or a beam will fit in a ceiling zone, free and instant in your browser. Every structural element must ultimately be designed and verified by a qualified structural engineer.

How to use Beam Span Estimator

  1. Select the structural element: timber joist, timber beam, steel IPE beam, RC beam, or RC flat slab.
  2. Enter the clear span between supports, in meters.
  3. Read the suggested depth and indicative width, rounded to common sizes.
  4. Review the rules-of-thumb table to see which span-to-depth ratio was applied.

Frequently asked questions

It divides the span by a typical span-to-depth ratio for the chosen element and rounds the depth up to a common increment. Each element type — timber, steel, or concrete — uses its own ratio, listed in the reference table on the page.

A rule of thumb saying a member’s depth should be a certain fraction of its span for deflection to stay acceptable. A ratio of 20, for example, means a 6 m span suggests a depth around 300 mm before detailed design.

A flat slab is sized as a thickness over a one-meter design strip, so only depth is meaningful. Beams and joists get both a depth and an indicative width in normal commercial proportions.

No. These are preliminary, rule-of-thumb sizes for feasibility and coordination only. Loads, material grades, deflection limits, and connections must be calculated and verified by a qualified structural engineer before construction.

The estimator rounds up to common stock increments and uses conservative generic ratios, since it knows nothing about your actual loads. Code span tables assume specific loading and material grades, so they can permit shallower members.

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