Google Sheets Formula Cheat Sheet
A searchable, printable Google Sheets reference — QUERY, ARRAYFORMULA, IMPORTRANGE, FILTER, lookups, dates and keyboard shortcuts. Free.
QUERY function
12=QUERY(A1:D, "SELECT A, B")
Pick columns like SQL
=QUERY(A1:D, "SELECT * WHERE C > 100")
Filter rows by number
=QUERY(A1:D, "SELECT A WHERE B = 'Paid'")
Filter by text (single quotes)
=QUERY(A1:D, "SELECT A WHERE B CONTAINS 'inc'")
Substring match
=QUERY(A1:D, "SELECT A, SUM(C) GROUP BY A")
Aggregate per group
=QUERY(A1:D, "SELECT A, COUNT(B) GROUP BY A PIVOT D")
Pivot a column into headers
=QUERY(A1:D, "SELECT * ORDER BY C DESC LIMIT 10")
Top 10 rows
=QUERY(A1:D, "SELECT * WHERE A IS NOT NULL")
Drop blank rows
=QUERY(A1:D, "SELECT A WHERE D >= date '2026-01-01'")
Date comparison syntax
=QUERY(A1:D, "SELECT A LABEL A 'Name'")
Rename output header
=QUERY({Sheet1!A:C; Sheet2!A:C}, "SELECT *")
Query stacked ranges
=QUERY(A1:D, "SELECT Col1, Col3", 1)
ColN names for {} ranges
ARRAYFORMULA & arrays
11=ARRAYFORMULA(A2:A * B2:B)
Apply a formula to a whole range
=ARRAYFORMULA(IF(A2:A="", "", A2:A * 1.2))
Skip blank rows in arrays
={A1:A5; B1:B5}
Stack ranges vertically
={A1:A5, B1:B5}
Place ranges side by side
=SEQUENCE(10)
Numbers 1..10 down a column
=SEQUENCE(3, 4, 0, 5)
3x4 grid from 0 in steps of 5
=FLATTEN(A1:C5)
Collapse a range to one column
=TRANSPOSE(A1:A10)
Flip rows and columns
=BYROW(A2:C10, LAMBDA(r, SUM(r)))
Run a lambda on each row
=MAP(A2:A, LAMBDA(x, x * 2))
Transform each cell
=SCAN(0, A2:A, LAMBDA(acc, x, acc + x))
Running total via lambda
IMPORT functions
10=IMPORTRANGE("sheet_url", "Data!A1:C100")
Pull a range from another file
IMPORTRANGE: click "Allow access" once
First use needs authorization
=QUERY(IMPORTRANGE(url, "A:C"), "SELECT Col1")
Filter imported data
=IMPORTXML(url, "//h2")
Scrape a page via XPath
=IMPORTXML(url, "//a/@href")
Extract link URLs
=IMPORTHTML(url, "table", 1)
First HTML table on a page
=IMPORTHTML(url, "list", 2)
Second HTML list on a page
=IMPORTDATA("https://x.com/data.csv")
Load a CSV/TSV by URL
=IMPORTFEED(rss_url, "items title", TRUE, 5)
Latest RSS feed entries
Imports refresh ~every hour, not live
Caching caveat to remember
FILTER / SORT / UNIQUE
11=FILTER(A2:C, C2:C > 100)
Rows where condition is true
=FILTER(A2:C, (B2:B="Paid") * (C2:C>0))
AND conditions (multiply)
=FILTER(A2:C, (B2:B="A") + (B2:B="B"))
OR conditions (add)
=SORT(A2:C, 3, FALSE)
Sort by column 3 descending
=SORT(A2:C, 1, TRUE, 2, FALSE)
Multi-column sort
=SORTN(A2:C, 5, 0, 3, FALSE)
Top 5 rows by column 3
=UNIQUE(A2:A)
De-duplicate values
=UNIQUE(A2:C)
De-duplicate whole rows
=SORT(UNIQUE(FILTER(A2:A, A2:A<>"")))
Clean sorted distinct list
=COUNTA(UNIQUE(A2:A))
Count distinct values
=RANDARRAY(5, 1)
5 random numbers 0..1
Lookups
10=VLOOKUP(E2, A2:C100, 3, FALSE)
Exact match, return column 3
=VLOOKUP(E2, A:C, 2, TRUE)
Approximate (sorted) match
=XLOOKUP(E2, A2:A, C2:C)
Modern lookup, any direction
=XLOOKUP(E2, A2:A, C2:C, "Not found")
Built-in default value
=XLOOKUP(E2, A2:A, C2:C, , , -1)
Search from the bottom
=INDEX(C2:C, MATCH(E2, A2:A, 0))
Classic INDEX+MATCH combo
=INDEX(A2:F, MATCH(x, A2:A, 0), MATCH(y, A1:F1, 0))
Two-way lookup
=HLOOKUP(E1, A1:F3, 2, FALSE)
Lookup across a row
=ARRAYFORMULA(VLOOKUP(E2:E, A:C, 3, FALSE))
Bulk lookup whole column
=IFERROR(VLOOKUP(...), "—")
Hide #N/A when not found
Text functions
13=SPLIT(A2, ",")
Split text into columns
=JOIN(", ", A2:A10)
Join values with a separator
=TEXTJOIN(", ", TRUE, A2:A10)
Join and skip blanks
=REGEXEXTRACT(A2, "\d+")
Extract first number
=REGEXEXTRACT(A2, "@(.+)$")
Capture group (email domain)
=REGEXREPLACE(A2, "\s+", " ")
Collapse repeated spaces
=REGEXMATCH(A2, "^https?://")
TRUE if pattern matches
=LEFT(A2, 5) / =RIGHT(A2, 3)
First / last characters
=MID(A2, 3, 4)
Substring from position 3
=TRIM(A2), =LOWER(A2), =PROPER(A2)
Clean and normalize case
=SUBSTITUTE(A2, "old", "new")
Replace literal text
=LEN(A2)
Character count
=CONCATENATE(A2, " ", B2) or A2 & " " & B2
Join strings
Date & time
12=TODAY() / =NOW()
Current date / datetime
=DATE(2026, 7, 27)
Build a date from parts
=DATEDIF(A2, B2, "D")
Days between dates (M, Y too)
=EDATE(A2, 3)
Add 3 months to a date
=EOMONTH(A2, 0)
Last day of the month
=WEEKDAY(A2, 2)
Day of week (Mon = 1)
=WORKDAY(A2, 10)
10 business days later
=NETWORKDAYS(A2, B2)
Business days between dates
=TEXT(A2, "yyyy-mm-dd")
Format a date as text
=DATEVALUE("2026-07-27")
Parse text into a date
=A2 + 7
Dates are numbers: add days
=ISOWEEKNUM(A2)
ISO week number
Conditional logic
10=IF(A2 > 100, "High", "Low")
Basic condition
=IFS(A2>90, "A", A2>80, "B", TRUE, "C")
Multi-branch without nesting
=SWITCH(A2, "US", "$", "EU", "€", "?")
Match against exact values
=AND(A2>0, B2<10) / =OR(...)
Combine conditions
=NOT(ISBLANK(A2))
Cell is not empty
=IFERROR(A2/B2, 0)
Fallback when a formula errors
=IFNA(VLOOKUP(...), "missing")
Fallback only for #N/A
=ISNUMBER(A2), =ISTEXT(A2), =ISDATE(A2)
Type checks
=LAMBDA(x, x * 2)(A2)
Inline reusable function
=LET(t, A2*B2, t + t*0.2)
Name a value, reuse it
Google-only functions
11=GOOGLEFINANCE("GOOG")
Live stock price
=GOOGLEFINANCE("GOOG", "pe")
Specific attribute (P/E ratio)
=GOOGLEFINANCE("GOOG", "price", TODAY()-365, TODAY())
1-year price history
=GOOGLEFINANCE("CURRENCY:USDEUR")
Live exchange rate
=GOOGLETRANSLATE(A2, "en", "fr")
Translate cell text
=DETECTLANGUAGE(A2)
Guess the language code
=SPARKLINE(A2:A30)
In-cell line chart
=SPARKLINE(A2:A13, {"charttype","column"})
In-cell column chart
=SPARKLINE(A2, {"charttype","bar";"max",100})
In-cell progress bar
=IMAGE("https://x.com/logo.png")
Show an image in a cell
=HYPERLINK(url, "Open")
Clickable labelled link
Aggregation (SUMIFS & co.)
10=SUMIF(A2:A, "Paid", C2:C)
Sum where one condition holds
=SUMIFS(C2:C, A2:A, "Paid", B2:B, ">100")
Sum with multiple conditions
=COUNTIF(A2:A, "Paid")
Count matching cells
=COUNTIFS(A2:A, "Paid", B2:B, ">=10")
Count with multiple conditions
=AVERAGEIFS(C2:C, A2:A, "Paid")
Conditional average
=MAXIFS(C2:C, A2:A, "Paid")
Conditional max (MINIFS too)
=SUMIFS(C:C, D:D, ">="&E1, D:D, "<"&F1)
Sum within a date window
=SUMPRODUCT((A2:A="X") * C2:C)
Array-style conditional sum
=COUNTIF(A2:A, "*inc*")
Wildcard match (* and ?)
=SUBTOTAL(109, C2:C100)
Sum ignoring hidden rows
Keyboard shortcuts
12Ctrl+/ (Cmd+/)
Show all shortcuts
Ctrl+; / Ctrl+Shift+;
Insert date / time
Ctrl+D / Ctrl+R
Fill down / fill right
Ctrl+Enter
Fill selected range with input
Ctrl+Shift+V
Paste values only
Ctrl+Arrow
Jump to edge of data
Ctrl+Space / Shift+Space
Select column / row
Alt+Shift+= (rows/cols selected)
Insert rows or columns
F4
Cycle $A$1 reference locking
F2
Edit the active cell
Ctrl+Alt+M
Insert a comment
Alt+Down (on a filtered header)
Open the filter menu
Apps Script one-liners
12Extensions > Apps Script
Open the script editor
const ss = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet();
Current spreadsheet handle
const sheet = ss.getSheetByName("Data");
Grab a sheet by name
sheet.getRange("A1").setValue("Hi");
Write a cell
const rows = sheet.getDataRange().getValues();
Read all data as a 2D array
sheet.appendRow(["a", "b", new Date()]);
Append a row
sheet.getRange(1,1,data.length,data[0].length).setValues(data);
Bulk write (fast)
function onEdit(e) { ... }
Simple trigger on any edit
SpreadsheetApp.getUi().alert("Done");
Show a dialog
UrlFetchApp.fetch(url).getContentText();
HTTP request from a script
Triggers menu > Time-driven
Schedule a script (cron-like)
function DOUBLE(x) { return x * 2; }
Custom function: =DOUBLE(A1)
No entry matches “:q”.
About Google Sheets Formula Cheat Sheet
This Google Sheets formula cheat sheet collects the functions that make Sheets worth using into one searchable page: the QUERY function, ARRAYFORMULA and arrays, the IMPORT family, FILTER, SORT and UNIQUE, lookups, text functions, date and time, conditional logic, Google-only functions, aggregation with SUMIFS and friends, keyboard shortcuts, and a few Apps Script one-liners.
It leads with the formulas that have no Excel equivalent — QUERY with its SQL-like syntax, ARRAYFORMULA to apply a formula down a whole column, IMPORTRANGE, IMPORTHTML and GOOGLEFINANCE — then covers the everyday VLOOKUP, XLOOKUP, INDEX/MATCH, TEXTJOIN, SUMIFS and date maths.
The sheet is free and client-side: filter rows live with the search box, hop between sections with the sticky table of contents, copy any formula with one click and print the page as a desk reference.
How to use Google Sheets Formula Cheat Sheet
- Skim the sections, from QUERY function and ARRAYFORMULA through Lookups to Apps Script one-liners.
- Search for a function name such as QUERY, FILTER or XLOOKUP to filter every row live.
- Jump to Google-only functions for the formulas that do not exist in Excel.
- Click a formula or its copy icon to copy it, then paste it into a cell and edit the ranges.
- Print the sheet for an offline Google Sheets reference.
Frequently asked questions
Twelve sections: QUERY, ARRAYFORMULA and arrays, the IMPORT functions, FILTER, SORT and UNIQUE, lookups, text functions, date and time, conditional logic, Google-only functions, aggregation, keyboard shortcuts, and Apps Script one-liners.
Yes, first and at length — SELECT, WHERE, GROUP BY, ORDER BY, LIMIT, LABEL and the column-letter syntax, each as a copy-ready formula.
This one covers the Google-specific formulas — QUERY, ARRAYFORMULA, IMPORTRANGE, IMPORTHTML, GOOGLETRANSLATE, GOOGLEFINANCE and SPARKLINE — that the Excel sheet has no equivalent for.
Yes. Click any row or its copy icon and the formula lands on your clipboard, ready to paste into a cell.
Yes, completely free — searchable, printable and rendered in your browser with no sign-up.
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