Karatasi ya Marejeleo ya Regex
Marejeleo ya misemo ya kawaida yanayoweza kutafutwa na kuchapishwa — madaraja ya herufi, nanga, vipimo, makundi, lookaround, bendera na ruwaza zilizo tayari. Bila malipo.
Character classes
12\d
Any digit, equivalent to [0-9]
\D
Any non-digit character
\w
Word character: letter, digit or underscore
\W
Any non-word character
\s
Any whitespace (space, tab, newline)
\S
Any non-whitespace character
.
Any character except newline
[abc]
Any one of a, b or c
[^abc]
Any character except a, b or c
[a-z]
Any lowercase letter in the range
[A-Za-z0-9]
Any alphanumeric character
[\d\s]
Combine classes inside brackets
Anchors & boundaries
8^
Start of string (or line in multiline mode)
$
End of string (or line in multiline mode)
\b
Word boundary between \w and \W
\B
Not a word boundary
\A
Start of the entire string (PCRE)
\z
End of the entire string (PCRE)
\Z
End of string, before a trailing newline (PCRE)
\G
Start of the current match attempt (PCRE)
Quantifiers
11*
Zero or more of the preceding token
+
One or more of the preceding token
?
Zero or one (makes it optional)
{n}
Exactly n repetitions
{n,}
n or more repetitions
{n,m}
Between n and m repetitions
*?
Lazy: zero or more, as few as possible
+?
Lazy: one or more, as few as possible
??
Lazy: optional, prefers zero
{2,5}?
Lazy bounded repetition
a++
Possessive: no backtracking (PCRE)
Groups & backreferences
9(abc)
Capturing group, stores the match
(?:abc)
Non-capturing group
(?<name>abc)
Named capturing group
(?P<name>abc)
Named group, alternate PCRE syntax
a|b
Alternation: match a or b
(red|blue)
Grouped alternation
\1
Backreference to capturing group 1
\k<name>
Backreference to a named group
$1
Reference group 1 in a replacement
Lookaround
6(?=abc)
Positive lookahead: followed by abc
(?!abc)
Negative lookahead: not followed by abc
(?<=abc)
Positive lookbehind: preceded by abc
(?<!abc)
Negative lookbehind: not preceded by abc
\d(?=px)
Digit only if followed by px
(?<=\$)\d+
Digits only if preceded by a dollar sign
Flags & modifiers
10g
Global: find all matches, not just the first
i
Case-insensitive matching
m
Multiline: ^ and $ match line breaks
s
Dotall: . also matches newline
u
Unicode mode (full code points)
x
Extended: ignore whitespace, allow comments
y
Sticky: match from lastIndex (JS)
(?i)
Inline case-insensitive flag (PCRE)
(?im)
Combine inline flags
(?i:abc)
Scoped inline flag for a group
Escapes & special chars
11\.
Literal dot
\\
Literal backslash
\/
Literal forward slash (in /.../ literals)
\t
Tab character
\n
Newline (line feed)
\r
Carriage return
\f
Form feed
\0
Null character
\xFF
Character by two-digit hex code
\x{00E9}
Unicode code point by hex (PCRE)
\Qabc\E
Quote a literal block (PCRE)
Common token shortcuts
10[0-9]
Single digit, same as \d
[a-fA-F0-9]
A single hexadecimal digit
\d+
One or more digits (whole number)
\w+
One or more word characters
\s+
One or more whitespace characters
.*
Any run of characters (greedy)
.*?
Any run of characters (lazy)
[^\s]+
One or more non-whitespace characters
\b\w+\b
A whole word
(?:\r\n|\n|\r)
Any line ending
Practical patterns
10^[\w.+-]+@[\w-]+\.[\w.-]+$
Simple email address
https?:\/\/[^\s]+
HTTP or HTTPS URL
\b(?:\d{1,3}\.){3}\d{1,3}\b
IPv4 address
#?[a-fA-F0-9]{6}\b
Six-digit hex color
\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}
Date in YYYY-MM-DD format
\+?\d[\d\s-]{7,}\d
Phone number (loose)
[a-z0-9]+(?:-[a-z0-9]+)*
URL slug (lowercase, hyphens)
^\s+|\s+$
Leading or trailing whitespace (trim)
\s{2,}
Two or more consecutive spaces
<[^>]+>
An HTML tag (naive)
Unicode properties
10\p{L}
Any kind of letter from any language
\P{L}
Any character that is not a letter
\p{N}
Any kind of numeric character
\p{Lu}
An uppercase letter
\p{Ll}
A lowercase letter
\p{P}
Any punctuation character
\p{Sc}
A currency symbol
\p{Han}
A Han (Chinese) script character
\p{Emoji}
An emoji character (where supported)
\p{Greek}
A character from the Greek script
Hakuna kipengele kinacholingana na “:q”.
Kuhusu Karatasi ya Marejeleo ya Regex
Karatasi hii ya kumbukumbu ya regex ni kumbukumbu fupi ya sintaksia ya regular expression: makundi ya herufi (character classes), nanga na mipaka, viwango (quantifiers), makundi na backreferences, lookaround, alama na virekebishaji (flags na modifiers), escapes na herufi maalum, njia za mkato za tokeni za kawaida, mifumo tayari ya vitendo, na sifa za Unicode.
Regex ndio ufafanuzi wa sintaksia ya "andika mara moja tu" — tokeni ni fupi na rahisi kuchanganya, hasa lookahead dhidi ya lookbehind, viwango vya greedy dhidi ya lazy, na aina mbalimbali za makundi. Kila safu mlalo inaonyesha tokeni au mfumo mmoja karibu na maelezo ya kawaida ya kile kinacholingana.
Karatasi inamalizika na mifumo ya vitendo unayoweza kunakili moja kwa moja, na kama kila karatasi ya kumbukumbu hapa, ni bure na inafanya kazi upande wa kifaa chako: utafutaji wa moja kwa moja, orodha ya yaliyomo inayoning'inia, kunakili kwa mbofyo mmoja kwa kila tokeni na kitufe cha kuchapisha kwa ajili ya kumbukumbu ya regex ya kuchapishwa.
Jinsi ya kutumia Karatasi ya Marejeleo ya Regex
- Pitia sehemu, kuanzia Makundi ya herufi na Nanga na mipaka hadi Mifumo ya vitendo na Sifa za Unicode.
- Tafuta tokeni au dhana kama lookahead, \d au lazy ili kuchuja karatasi papo hapo.
- Ruka hadi Mifumo ya vitendo unapohitaji msemo tayari wa kubadilisha.
- Bofya tokeni au mfumo, au ikoni yake ya kunakili, ili kuinakili kwenye msimbo wako au kipimo cha regex.
- Chapisha karatasi — sintaksia ya regex ni jambo la kawaida la kuweka kwenye karatasi.
Maswali yanayoulizwa mara kwa mara
Sehemu kumi: makundi ya herufi, nanga na mipaka, viwango, makundi na backreferences, lookaround, alama na virekebishaji, escapes na herufi maalum, njia za mkato za tokeni, mifumo ya vitendo, na sifa za Unicode.
Ndiyo. Sehemu ya mifumo ya vitendo ina misemo kamili kwa ajili ya kazi za kawaida za kulinganisha unazoweza kunakili na kubadilisha, badala ya kuiunganisha tokeni kwa tokeni.
Ndiyo. Sehemu ya lookaround inaorodhesha lookahead na lookbehind chanya na hasi bega kwa bega pamoja na maelezo — moja ya sehemu zinazochanganya zaidi za sintaksia ya regex.
Sintaksia inayoonyeshwa ni msingi wa kawaida unaotumiwa na injini kubwa, ikijumuisha makundi ya herufi, viwango, makundi, lookaround, alama na escapes za sifa za Unicode. Nyongeza maalum za injini hutofautiana, hivyo jaribu miundo isiyo ya kawaida kwenye lugha unayolenga.
Ndiyo, ni bure kabisa — inayoweza kutafutwa, kuchapishwa na inafanya kazi kikamilifu kwenye kivinjari chako.
Utafutaji maarufu
regex cheat sheet
regular expression syntax
regex character classes
regex lookahead and lookbehind
regex quantifiers list
regex flags reference
common regex patterns
regex email pattern
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