Karatasi ya Maelezo ya SSH
Rejeleo linalotafutika na linaloweza kuchapishwa la SSH — kuunganisha, funguo, usanidi, tunneling, SCP/SFTP na agent forwarding. Bila malipo.
Kuunganisha
10ssh user@host
Unganisha kama mtumiaji kwa host
ssh -p 2222 user@host
Unganisha kwa port isiyo chaguo-msingi
ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 user@host
Tumia identity key mahususi
ssh user@host 'uptime'
Endesha command moja ya mbali kisha toka
ssh -v user@host
Matokeo ya kina kwa debugging (-vvv kwa zaidi)
ssh -t user@host 'sudo -i'
Lazimisha pseudo-terminal (kwa commands za kuingiliana)
ssh -X user@host
Wezesha X11 forwarding
ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=60 user@host
Tuma keepalives kuepuka timeouts
exit / Ctrl-D
Funga session ya mbali
~.
Lazimisha kukata session iliyoganda
Uzalishaji wa key
8ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C 'you@example.com'
Zalisha jozi ya key ya kisasa ya Ed25519
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096
Zalisha jozi ya key ya RSA ya 4096-bit
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f ~/.ssh/work
Andika key kwenye file mahususi
ssh-keygen -p -f ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
Badilisha passphrase ya key iliyopo
ssh-keygen -y -f ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
Onyesha public key kutoka private key
ssh-keygen -l -f ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
Onyesha fingerprint ya key
ssh-keygen -lv -f ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
Onyesha picha ya randomart ya fingerprint
ssh-keygen -R host
Ondoa host key kutoka known_hosts
Kusakinisha public keys
7ssh-copy-id user@host
Nakili public key yako chaguo-msingi kwenye server
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/work.pub user@host
Nakili public key mahususi
ssh-copy-id -p 2222 user@host
Nakili key kupitia port maalum
cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub | ssh user@host 'cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys'
Nakili kwa mkono wakati ssh-copy-id haipo
chmod 700 ~/.ssh
Ruhusa sahihi kwenye directory ya .ssh
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
Ruhusa sahihi kwenye authorized_keys
pbcopy < ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
Nakili public key kwenye clipboard (macOS)
SSH config (~/.ssh/config)
10Host myserver
Alias: unganisha kwa `ssh myserver`
HostName 203.0.113.10
Hostname halisi au IP kwa alias
User deploy
Username chaguo-msingi kwa host hii
Port 2222
Port chaguo-msingi kwa host hii
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/work
Key ya kutumia kwa host hii
IdentitiesOnly yes
Toa key iliyoorodheshwa pekee
ForwardAgent yes
Peleka SSH agent kwa host hii
Host *.example.com
Mlinganisho wa wildcard kwa domain
Host *
Chaguo-msingi za jumla kwa hosts zote
ServerAliveInterval 60
Muda wa keepalive kwa hosts zote
Port forwarding / tunneling
7ssh -L 8080:localhost:80 user@host
Local: fikia host:80 kupitia local 8080
ssh -L 5432:db.internal:5432 user@host
Local forward kwa host ya tatu kupitia server
ssh -R 9000:localhost:3000 user@host
Remote: fichua local 3000 yako kama host:9000
ssh -D 1080 user@host
Dynamic: SOCKS proxy kwenye local port 1080
ssh -N -L 8080:localhost:80 user@host
Tunnel pekee, usiendeshe remote shell
ssh -f -N -L 8080:localhost:80 user@host
Fungua tunnel nyuma (background)
ssh -g -L 8080:localhost:80 user@host
Ruhusu hosts zingine kutumia local forward
Jump hosts / bastions
5ssh -J jump@bastion user@target
Pita kwenye bastion kufikia lengo
ssh -J h1,h2 user@target
Unganisha jump hosts nyingi
ProxyJump bastion
Sawa na -J kwenye config
ProxyCommand ssh -W %h:%p bastion
Jump ya zamani inayotegemea ProxyCommand
ssh -o ProxyJump=bastion user@target
Chaguo la ProxyJump la inline
Uhamishaji wa file (scp na sftp)
7scp file user@host:/path/
Nakili file ya local kwenye server
scp user@host:/path/file .
Nakili file ya mbali kwenye dir ya sasa
scp -r dir/ user@host:/path/
Nakili directory kwa recursion
scp -P 2222 file user@host:/path/
Nakili kupitia port maalum (zingatia -P kubwa)
sftp user@host
Anza session ya SFTP ya kuingiliana
put localfile / get remotefile
Pakia / pakua ndani ya SFTP
rsync -avz -e ssh dir/ user@host:/path/
Sync yenye ufanisi kupitia SSH (inayoendelezeka)
ssh-agent na forwarding
7eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
Anza agent kwenye shell ya sasa
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
Ongeza key kwa agent
ssh-add -l
Orodhesha keys zilizopakiwa kwenye agent
ssh-add -D
Ondoa keys zote kutoka agent
ssh-add --apple-use-keychain ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
Hifadhi passphrase kwenye keychain ya macOS
ssh -A user@host
Peleka agent kwa connection hii
ForwardAgent yes
Sawa na agent forwarding kwenye config
Hakuna kipengele kinacholingana na “:q”.
Unahitaji msaada?
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