Karatasi ya Marejeleo ya Docker
Marejeleo ya Docker yanayoweza kutafutwa na kuchapishwa — picha, kontena, chaguo za kuendesha, Dockerfile, voliumu, mitandao, Compose na kusafisha. Bila malipo.
Picha
10docker pull nginx:latest
Pakua picha kutoka registry
docker images
Orodhesha picha zilizohifadhiwa kwa ndani
docker build -t app:1.0 .
Jenga picha kutoka saraka ya sasa
docker tag app:1.0 app:latest
Ongeza tag mpya kwenye picha iliyopo
docker rmi app:1.0
Ondoa picha ya ndani
docker history app:1.0
Onyesha tabaka za picha
docker inspect app:1.0
Onyesha maelezo ya kina ya picha (JSON)
docker save -o app.tar app:1.0
Export picha kwenye archive ya tar
docker load -i app.tar
Import picha kutoka archive ya tar
docker image prune
Ondoa picha zilizoning'inia (zisizotumika)
Containers
10docker ps
Orodhesha containers zinazoendesha
docker ps -a
Orodhesha containers zote (pamoja na zilizosimama)
docker run nginx
Tengeneza na anzisha container mpya
docker start web
Anzisha container iliyosimama
docker stop web
Simamisha container kwa upole
docker restart web
Anzisha upya container
docker kill web
Simamisha container kwa nguvu (SIGKILL)
docker rm web
Ondoa container iliyosimama
docker rename web api
Badilisha jina la container
docker pause web
Simamisha michakato yote kwenye container
Chaguo za run
11docker run -d nginx
Endesha ikiwa imejitenga nyuma
docker run -it ubuntu bash
Kipindi cha terminal cha mwingiliano
docker run --name web nginx
Weka jina maalum la container
docker run -p 8080:80 nginx
Unganisha port ya host na port ya container
docker run -v data:/var/lib nginx
Pakia volume yenye jina
docker run -e ENV=prod app
Weka kigeu cha mazingira
docker run --rm alpine echo hi
Ondoa kiotomatiki baada ya kutoka
docker run --network mynet app
Ambatisha kwenye mtandao maalum
docker run --restart unless-stopped app
Sera ya kuanza upya kwa container
docker run -w /app node
Weka saraka ya kazi
docker run --memory 512m --cpus 1.5 app
Weka kikomo cha matumizi ya kumbukumbu na CPU
Exec na logs
10docker exec -it web bash
Fungua shell ndani ya container
docker exec web ls /app
Endesha amri ya mara moja kwenye container
docker logs web
Onyesha logs za container
docker logs -f web
Fuata (tail) logs kwa wakati halisi
docker top web
Orodhesha michakato inayoendesha kwenye container
docker stats
Matumizi ya rasilimali ya moja kwa moja ya containers
docker attach web
Ambatisha kwenye container inayoendesha
docker cp web:/app/log.txt .
Nakili faili kati ya host na container
docker port web
Onyesha mappings za port za container
docker inspect web
Onyesha maelezo ya kina ya container
Build na Dockerfile
14FROM node:20-alpine
Picha ya msingi kwa build
WORKDIR /app
Weka saraka ya kazi
COPY . .
Nakili faili ndani ya picha
ADD app.tar.gz /app
Nakili (na ufungue archives/URLs kiotomatiki)
RUN npm install
Tekeleza amri wakati wa build
ENV NODE_ENV=production
Weka kigeu cha mazingira kinachodumu
ARG VERSION=1.0
Hoja ya wakati wa build
EXPOSE 3000
Andika port inayosikiliza
VOLUME /data
Tangaza mount point
USER node
Endesha kama mtumiaji asiye root
HEALTHCHECK CMD curl -f localhost
Tafsiri ukaguzi wa afya wa container
CMD ['node', 'app.js']
Amri chaguo-msingi (inayoweza kubatilishwa)
ENTRYPOINT ['docker-entrypoint.sh']
Executable isiyobadilika kwa container
FROM build AS final
Rejea ya hatua ya build ya hatua nyingi
Volumes
10docker volume create data
Tengeneza volume yenye jina
docker volume ls
Orodhesha volumes zote
docker volume inspect data
Onyesha maelezo ya volume
docker volume rm data
Ondoa volume
docker volume prune
Ondoa volumes zote zisizotumika
docker run -v data:/app nginx
Pakia volume yenye jina
docker run -v $(pwd):/app nginx
Bind-mount saraka ya sasa
docker run -v $(pwd):/app:ro nginx
Bind-mount ya kusoma-tu
docker run --mount type=volume,src=data,dst=/app nginx
Pakia ukitumia sintaksia ya kina
docker run --tmpfs /tmp nginx
Pakia tmpfs ya kumbukumbu
Mitandao
10docker network create mynet
Tengeneza mtandao uliofafanuliwa na mtumiaji
docker network ls
Orodhesha mitandao
docker network inspect mynet
Onyesha maelezo ya mtandao
docker network connect mynet web
Unganisha container kwenye mtandao
docker network disconnect mynet web
Tenganisha container kutoka mtandao
docker network rm mynet
Ondoa mtandao
docker network prune
Ondoa mitandao yote isiyotumika
docker network create -d bridge mynet
Tengeneza mtandao na driver
docker run --network host nginx
Tumia stack ya mtandao ya host
docker run --network none alpine
Zima mtandao kwa container
Docker Compose
11docker compose up -d
Anzisha huduma zote nyuma
docker compose down
Simamisha na ondoa stack
docker compose ps
Orodhesha huduma kwenye stack
docker compose logs -f
Fuata logs kutoka huduma zote
docker compose build
Jenga au jenga upya picha za huduma
docker compose pull
Vuta picha za huduma za hivi karibuni
docker compose exec web bash
Endesha amri kwenye huduma inayoendesha
docker compose restart
Anzisha upya huduma zote
docker compose stop
Simamisha huduma bila kuziondoa
docker compose config
Thibitisha na tazama usanidi uliounganishwa
docker compose up --scale web=3
Endesha nakala nyingi za huduma
Registry
8docker login
Jithibitishe kwa registry
docker login registry.example.com
Ingia kwenye registry maalum
docker logout
Ondoa kitambulisho cha registry kilichohifadhiwa
docker tag app user/app:1.0
Tag picha kwa hazina
docker push user/app:1.0
Pakia picha kwenye registry
docker pull user/app:1.0
Pakua picha kutoka registry
docker search nginx
Tafuta picha kwenye Docker Hub
docker manifest inspect nginx
Kagua manifest ya arch nyingi
Mfumo na usafishaji
10docker info
Onyesha taarifa za Docker za mfumo mzima
docker version
Onyesha matoleo ya client na server
docker system df
Onyesha matumizi ya diski ya Docker
docker system prune
Ondoa data isiyotumika (chaguo-msingi salama)
docker system prune -a
Ondoa picha na data zote zisizotumika
docker container prune
Ondoa containers zote zilizosimama
docker image prune
Ondoa picha zilizoning'inia
docker volume prune
Ondoa volumes zote zisizotumika
docker network prune
Ondoa mitandao yote isiyotumika
docker stats --no-stream
Snapshot ya matumizi ya rasilimali
Hakuna kipengele kinacholingana na “:q”.
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