tmux 速查表

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可搜索、可打印的 tmux 参考——会话、窗口、窗格、复制模式、prefix 重绑定、配置、插件和脚本。免费。

Sessions

tmux new -s work

Start a named session

tmux new -s work -d

Start detached (in the background)

tmux new -As work

Attach if it exists, else create

tmux ls

List running sessions

tmux attach -t work

Attach to a session (a = attach)

Prefix d

Detach from the current session

Prefix $

Rename the current session

Prefix s

Interactive session switcher

Prefix ( / )

Previous / next session

tmux kill-session -t work

Kill one session

tmux kill-server

Kill all sessions and the server

Windows

Prefix c

Create a new window

Prefix ,

Rename the current window

Prefix n / p

Next / previous window

Prefix 0..9

Jump to window by number

Prefix l

Toggle to the last-used window

Prefix w

Interactive window list

Prefix f

Find a window by name

Prefix &

Kill the current window (confirms)

Prefix .

Move window to another index

swap-window -s 2 -t 0

Swap two windows by index

Panes

Prefix %

Split vertically (side by side)

Prefix "

Split horizontally (stacked)

Prefix arrow keys

Move between panes

Prefix o / ;

Next pane / last-active pane

Prefix q

Show pane numbers (press to jump)

Prefix z

Zoom: toggle pane full-screen

Prefix x

Kill the current pane (confirms)

Prefix { / }

Swap pane with previous / next

Prefix Ctrl+arrow

Resize pane one cell at a time

Prefix Space

Cycle built-in pane layouts

Prefix !

Break the pane into its own window

join-pane -s 2 -t 1

Move a pane into another window

Copy mode & scrolling

Prefix [

Enter copy mode (scroll history)

q / Escape

Leave copy mode

Prefix PgUp

Enter copy mode scrolled one page up

Space then Enter

Start selection, then copy (emacs)

v then y

Start selection, then copy (vi keys)

Prefix ]

Paste the copied text

/ and ?

Search forward / backward

n / N

Next / previous search match

g / G

Top / bottom of history (vi keys)

setw -g mode-keys vi

Use vi keys in copy mode

tmux capture-pane -p > out.txt

Dump pane contents to a file

Prefix key & rebinding

Ctrl+b

The default prefix key

Prefix key, then the command key

Press separately, not together

set -g prefix C-a

Use Ctrl+a as prefix (screen style)

unbind C-b

Free the old prefix binding

bind C-a send-prefix

Prefix twice sends it to the app

bind r source-file ~/.tmux.conf

Reload config with Prefix r

bind -n M-Left select-pane -L

-n = no prefix needed (Alt+Left)

bind -r H resize-pane -L 5

-r = key repeats within timeout

tmux list-keys

Show all current key bindings

Command mode (:)

Prefix :

Open the tmux command prompt

:new-window -n logs

New window named "logs"

:split-window -h

Split the pane horizontally

:rename-session dev

Rename the current session

:setw synchronize-panes on

Type into all panes at once

:swap-pane -s 0 -t 1

Swap two panes by index

:resize-pane -D 10

Resize down by 10 cells

:source-file ~/.tmux.conf

Reload the configuration

:kill-server

Stop tmux entirely

Configuration essentials

set -g mouse on

Mouse: select panes, resize, scroll

set -g base-index 1

Number windows from 1, not 0

setw -g pane-base-index 1

Number panes from 1 too

set -g renumber-windows on

Re-number after closing a window

setw -g mode-keys vi

vi keys in copy mode

set -g history-limit 50000

Bigger scrollback buffer

set -g default-terminal "tmux-256color"

Proper colors inside tmux

set -sg escape-time 0

No Esc delay (helps vim users)

bind | split-window -h

Memorable split: | = vertical

bind - split-window -v

Memorable split: - = horizontal

set -g focus-events on

Pass focus events to programs

Plugins & TPM

git clone https://github.com/tmux-plugins/tpm ~/.tmux/plugins/tpm

Install the plugin manager

set -g @plugin 'tmux-plugins/tpm'

Declare TPM in .tmux.conf

run '~/.tmux/plugins/tpm/tpm'

MUST be the last config line

Prefix I

Install newly declared plugins

Prefix U

Update installed plugins

Prefix Alt+u

Remove undeclared plugins

@plugin 'tmux-plugins/tmux-resurrect'

Save/restore sessions across reboots

@plugin 'tmux-plugins/tmux-continuum'

Auto-save sessions periodically

@plugin 'tmux-plugins/tmux-yank'

Copy to the system clipboard

@plugin 'tmux-plugins/tmux-sensible'

Sane defaults everyone agrees on

Sharing & pairing

tmux -S /tmp/pair new -s pair

Session on a shared socket file

chmod 777 /tmp/pair

Let the partner access the socket

tmux -S /tmp/pair attach

Partner attaches to the socket

tmux attach -t work -r

Attach read-only (view, no typing)

Two clients, one session

Both mirror the same window

tmux new -s me -t work

Grouped session: independent windows

ssh user@host -t tmux new -As dev

SSH straight into a tmux session

setw -g aggressive-resize on

Size to the active client, not min

Scripting from the shell

tmux new -d -s job 'npm run build'

Run a command in a detached session

tmux send-keys -t job 'ls -la' Enter

Type into a session remotely

tmux send-keys -t job C-c

Send Ctrl+C to stop a process

tmux has-session -t job 2>/dev/null && echo up

Check if a session exists

tmux capture-pane -t job -p

Print a pane's output to stdout

tmux split-window -t job -h 'htop'

Split and run a command in it

tmux select-window -t job:2

Target session:window from scripts

tmux display-message -p '#S'

Print the current session name

tmux list-panes -a

List every pane on the server

tmux wait-for done

Block until a signal is fired

Status bar

set -g status off

Hide the status bar entirely

set -g status-position top

Move the bar to the top

set -g status-style bg=black,fg=white

Bar colors

set -g status-left '[#S] '

Show the session name on the left

set -g status-right '%H:%M %d-%b'

Clock and date on the right

set -g status-interval 5

Refresh the bar every 5 seconds

setw -g window-status-current-style fg=green

Highlight the active window

#S #I #W #P #H

Session, window idx/name, pane, host

#(uptime | cut -d, -f1)

Embed shell output in the bar

set -g status-justify centre

Center the window list

Troubleshooting

tmux -V

Show the tmux version

tmux info

Dump server, client and terminal info

tmux show-options -g

List all global option values

Config changes not applied

.tmux.conf loads at server start only

Prefix : source-file ~/.tmux.conf

Reload config without restarting

"sessions should be nested with care"

You ran tmux inside tmux ($TMUX set)

TERM=xterm-256color tmux

Fix wrong/missing colors outside

Esc feels laggy in vim

Set escape-time 0 (see config)

tmux kill-server

Last resort: full clean restart

Sessions gone after reboot

Server is not persistent; use resurrect

没有条目匹配“:q”。

关于 tmux 速查表

这份 tmux 速查表将键绑定和命令汇集在一个可搜索的页面上：会话、窗口、窗格、复制模式和滚动、前缀键及其重绑定、命令模式、配置要点、插件和 TPM、共享和配对、Shell 脚本、状态栏，以及故障排查。

tmux 几乎完全依赖一个前缀键形成的肌肉记忆，因此速查表将每个绑定显示为前缀加键的形式，旁边是对应的 Shell 命令（如有）——当你在编写会话脚本而非手动操作时很方便。

与本系列的其他速查表一样，它免费且在客户端运行：使用搜索框实时过滤行，通过固定目录在章节间跳转，点击即可复制任何命令，还可以打印页面作为终端旁的参考。

如何使用 tmux 速查表

打开速查表，浏览各章节，从“会话”和“窗口”到“故障排查”。
搜索关键词如 split、detach 或 copy 以实时过滤每一行。
需要更改前缀键或窗格绑定时跳转到“配置要点”。
点击命令或其复制图标，直接复制到终端或 .tmux.conf 中。
使用打印功能获取完整 tmux 参考的纸质版。

常见问题

十二个章节：会话、窗口、窗格、复制模式和滚动、前缀键及其重绑定、命令模式、配置要点、插件和 TPM、共享和配对、Shell 脚本、状态栏，以及故障排查。

Ctrl-b。前缀章节展示了相对于它的每个绑定，并给出了将其重绑定为 Ctrl-a 的 .tmux.conf 配置行（如果你偏好的话）。

复制模式章节涵盖了进入复制模式、在其中移动和搜索、开始和结束选择以及粘贴缓冲区——支持 emacs 和 vi 按键模式。

可以。点击任意行或其复制图标，命令即可立即复制。

是的，完全免费，在浏览器中运行，无需登录。

tmux 速查表

Sessions

Windows

Panes

Copy mode & scrolling

Prefix key & rebinding

Command mode (:)

Configuration essentials

Plugins & TPM

Sharing & pairing

Scripting from the shell

Status bar

Troubleshooting

关于 tmux 速查表

如何使用 tmux 速查表

常见问题

tmux 速查表包含哪些内容？

tmux 默认的前缀键是什么？

如何在 tmux 中滚动和复制文本？

可以一键复制命令吗？

tmux 参考是免费的吗？

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