Lembar Contekan PowerShell
Referensi PowerShell yang dapat dicari dan dicetak — cmdlet, pipeline, variabel, file, loop, fungsi, objek, dan administrasi. Gratis.
Getting help & discovery
12Get-Help Get-Process
Show help for a cmdlet
Get-Help Get-Process -Examples
Show usage examples for a cmdlet
Get-Help Get-Process -Full
Show the full help including parameters
Get-Help about_Functions
Read a conceptual about_ topic
Update-Help
Download the latest help files
Get-Command -Noun Process
List cmdlets that act on a noun
Get-Command -Verb Get
List cmdlets using a given verb
Get-Command *service*
Search commands by wildcard name
Get-Process | Get-Member
List the properties and methods of objects
Get-Alias ls
Show what command an alias resolves to
Get-Alias -Definition Get-ChildItem
List all aliases for a cmdlet
$PSVersionTable
Show the PowerShell version and edition
Variables & types
13$x = 5
Assign a value to a variable
[int]$n = '42'
Declare a strongly typed variable
$null
The null / empty value
$true; $false
Boolean literals
$arr = @(1, 2, 3)
Create an array
$arr += 4
Append an element to an array
$arr[0]; $arr[-1]
Index first and last array elements
$hash = @{ Name = 'Ann'; Age = 30 }
Create a hashtable
$hash['Name']; $hash.Name
Read a hashtable value by key
$env:PATH
Read an environment variable
$env:MY_VAR = 'value'
Set an environment variable for the session
Get-Variable
List all defined variables
[math]::Round(3.14159, 2)
Call a static .NET method
Pipeline & filtering
12Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.CPU -gt 10 }
Filter objects by a condition
Get-Process | ? CPU -gt 10
Filter with the ? alias and simplified syntax
Get-Process | ForEach-Object { $_.Name }
Run a script block for each object
Get-Process | % { $_.Kill() }
Iterate with the % alias
Get-Process | Select-Object Name, Id
Keep only specific properties
Get-Process | Select-Object -First 5
Take the first N objects
Get-Process | Sort-Object CPU -Descending
Sort objects by a property
Get-Process | Group-Object Company
Group objects by a property
Get-Process | Measure-Object CPU -Sum
Aggregate numeric values (sum, average)
Get-ChildItem | Select-Object -Unique
Return distinct objects
1..5 | ForEach-Object { $_ * 2 }
Pipe a range through a transform
Get-Process | Out-GridView
Send results to an interactive grid
Files & paths
13Get-ChildItem -Path C:\Logs
List items in a directory (alias ls/dir)
Get-ChildItem -Recurse -Filter *.log
List matching files recursively
Get-Content .\file.txt
Read a file line by line
Get-Content .\file.txt -Tail 20
Read the last N lines of a file
Set-Content .\file.txt -Value 'Hi'
Write (overwrite) text to a file
Add-Content .\file.txt -Value 'Hi'
Append text to a file
Copy-Item a.txt b.txt
Copy a file or directory
Move-Item a.txt .\dir\
Move or rename an item
Remove-Item a.txt -Force
Delete a file or directory
New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path .\dir
Create a new file or directory
Test-Path .\file.txt
Check whether a path exists
Get-Location
Show the current directory (alias pwd)
Set-Location C:\Temp
Change the current directory (alias cd)
Strings & text
12'Hello World' -match 'World'
Test a string against a regex
'Hello' -replace 'l', 'L'
Replace text using a regex
'a,b,c' -split ','
Split a string into an array by regex
'a-b-c'.Split('-')
Split using the .NET String method
'a', 'b' -join ', '
Join array elements into a string
Select-String -Path *.log -Pattern 'error'
Grep-style search across files
'{0} of {1}' -f 3, 10
Format a string with placeholders
' hi '.Trim()
Strip leading and trailing whitespace
'Hello'.ToUpper()
Convert a string to uppercase
'Hello'.Substring(0, 3)
Extract a substring by index and length
'Hello'.Contains('ell')
Test whether a string contains text
'Hello'.Length
Get the number of characters
Loops & conditionals
12if ($x -gt 0) { 'pos' } elseif ($x -eq 0) { 'zero' } else { 'neg' }
Branch with if / elseif / else
switch ($x) { 1 { 'one' } default { 'other' } }
Match a value against cases
foreach ($i in $arr) { $i }
Iterate over a collection
for ($i = 0; $i -lt 5; $i++) { $i }
Counted loop with an index
while ($x -lt 10) { $x++ }
Loop while a condition is true
do { $x++ } while ($x -lt 10)
Loop at least once, then test
$x -eq 5; $x -ne 5
Equal and not-equal comparisons
$x -gt 5; $x -lt 5
Greater-than and less-than comparisons
$x -ge 5; $x -le 5
Greater/less-than-or-equal comparisons
'abc' -like 'a*'
Wildcard match comparison
@(1, 2, 3) -contains 2
Test array membership
break; continue
Exit or skip the current loop iteration
Functions & scripts
12function Get-Sum { param($a, $b) $a + $b }
Define a function with parameters
Get-Sum -a 2 -b 3
Call a function with named arguments
function Test { param([int]$n = 1) }
Typed parameter with a default value
param([Parameter(Mandatory)]$Name)
Require a parameter to be supplied
return $value
Return a value from a function
function F { [CmdletBinding()] param() }
Make an advanced function (common params)
Write-Verbose 'msg' -Verbose
Emit a verbose message stream
Write-Output $result
Send an object to the pipeline
Write-Error 'failed'
Write to the error stream
.\script.ps1 -Arg value
Run a script file with arguments
. .\functions.ps1
Dot-source a script into the session
try { } catch { $_ } finally { }
Handle terminating errors
Objects & properties
12Get-Process | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name
Return raw property values, not objects
(Get-Process).Name
Access a property on each object
Get-Process | Select-Object Name, @{ Name = 'MB'; Expression = { $_.WS / 1MB } }
Add a calculated property
[PSCustomObject]@{ Name = 'Ann'; Age = 30 }
Build a custom object
$obj | Add-Member -NotePropertyName Tag -NotePropertyValue 'x'
Attach a property to an object
$obj.PSObject.Properties.Name
List an object's property names
$obj | Format-Table -AutoSize
Display objects as an aligned table
$obj | Format-List *
Display all properties as a list
$obj | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 5
Serialize an object to JSON
Get-Content data.json | ConvertFrom-Json
Parse JSON into objects
$obj | Export-Csv out.csv -NoTypeInformation
Export objects to a CSV file
Import-Csv data.csv
Read a CSV file into objects
Processes & services
12Get-Process
List running processes (alias ps)
Get-Process -Name chrome
Get processes by name
Stop-Process -Name notepad -Force
Terminate a process
Start-Process notepad.exe
Launch a new process
Get-Service
List Windows services
Get-Service -Name wuauserv
Get a service by name
Start-Service -Name wuauserv
Start a stopped service
Stop-Service -Name wuauserv
Stop a running service
Restart-Service -Name wuauserv
Restart a service
Set-Service -Name wuauserv -StartupType Manual
Change a service start mode
Get-EventLog -LogName System -Newest 20
Read recent classic event-log entries
Get-WinEvent -LogName Application -MaxEvents 20
Query modern event logs
Remoting & jobs
12Enter-PSSession -ComputerName Srv01
Start an interactive remote session
Exit-PSSession
Leave an interactive remote session
Invoke-Command -ComputerName Srv01 -ScriptBlock { Get-Service }
Run a command on a remote host
$s = New-PSSession -ComputerName Srv01
Create a persistent remote session
Invoke-Command -Session $s -ScriptBlock { hostname }
Reuse an existing remote session
Remove-PSSession $s
Close and remove a remote session
Start-Job -ScriptBlock { Get-Process }
Run a command as a background job
Get-Job
List background jobs and their state
Receive-Job -Id 1 -Keep
Retrieve the output of a job
Wait-Job -Id 1
Block until a job completes
Stop-Job -Id 1; Remove-Job -Id 1
Stop and remove a background job
Get-Process | Start-ThreadJob { $input }
Run lightweight in-process thread jobs
Modules & packages
12Get-Module
List currently loaded modules
Get-Module -ListAvailable
List all installed modules
Import-Module Pester
Load a module into the session
Remove-Module Pester
Unload a module from the session
Find-Module -Name PSReadLine
Search the gallery for a module
Install-Module PSReadLine -Scope CurrentUser
Install a module from the gallery
Update-Module PSReadLine
Update an installed module
Uninstall-Module PSReadLine
Remove an installed module
Get-ExecutionPolicy
Show the current script execution policy
Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser
Allow signed and local scripts to run
Get-PSRepository
List configured package repositories
$PROFILE
Path to the current user profile script
Tidak ada entri yang cocok dengan “:q”.
Tentang Lembar Contekan PowerShell
Lembar contekan PowerShell ini membahas shell dari discovery hingga otomasi: bantuan dan discovery, variabel dan tipe, pipeline dan filtering, file dan path, string dan teks, loop dan kondisional, fungsi dan script, objek dan properti, proses dan layanan, remoting dan job, serta module dan paket.
PowerShell berbeda dari shell POSIX karena pipeline-nya membawa objek, bukan teks — sehingga lembar contekan ini bertumpu pada cmdlet discovery dan pola object-filtering yang membuat model tersebut mudah dipahami, berdampingan dengan perintah file, string, dan proses yang dipakai admin setiap hari.
Lembar contekan ini gratis dan berbasis client-side. Saring cmdlet secara langsung dengan kotak pencarian, lompat antar bagian dari daftar isi yang sticky, salin perintah apa pun dengan satu klik, dan cetak halaman ini untuk referensi di samping konsol.
Cara menggunakan Lembar Contekan PowerShell
- Mulai dari Bantuan & discovery — cmdlet di sana memungkinkan Anda menjelajahi semua hal lainnya.
- Cari sebuah verb atau noun seperti Get-, service, atau foreach untuk menyaring lembar contekan secara langsung.
- Lompat ke bagian seperti Pipeline & filtering atau Remoting & job melalui sidebar sticky.
- Klik sebuah perintah atau ikon salinnya untuk menyalinnya ke sesi PowerShell Anda.
- Cetak lembar contekan ini untuk referensi cmdlet secara offline.
Pertanyaan yang sering diajukan
Sebelas bagian: bantuan dan discovery, variabel dan tipe, pipeline dan filtering, file dan path, string, loop dan kondisional, fungsi dan script, objek dan properti, proses dan layanan, remoting dan job, serta module dan paket.
PowerShell meneruskan objek terstruktur melalui pipe, bukan teks, sehingga Anda menyaring berdasarkan properti alih-alih mem-parsing string. Bagian pipeline dan objek pada lembar contekan menampilkan pola-pola ini berdampingan dengan perintah sehari-hari.
Ya. Bagian remoting dan job mencantumkan perintah untuk menjalankan pekerjaan di mesin remote dan dalam background job, berdampingan dengan bagian proses dan layanan untuk administrasi lokal.
Bisa. Klik perintah apa pun atau ikon salin saat hover, lalu perintah tersebut ditempatkan di clipboard Anda untuk ditempelkan ke konsol.
Ya, gratis, bisa dicari, bisa dicetak, dan tidak memerlukan akun.
Pencarian populer
powershell cheat sheet
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powershell variables and types
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